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Download references. My special thanks go to Prof. Ernst Berger, Prof. Wolfgang Neugebauer, Prof. William Seidelman, John Donvan, Caren Zucker, and the three anonymous reviewers for Molecular Autism who read the draft manuscript and provided invaluable comments and helpful information.
Arnold Pollak as director of the Vienna Pediatric University Clinic supported my research in its early stages and provided me with the opportunity to present the first results to a wider audience in I also thank the Vienna Municipal and Provincial Archives, as well as all the other archives that provided the source materials used in this paper.
Regarding the illustrations used in this article, Figs. Figure 5 is held by the Vienna University Archives, which allow reproduction for scholarly purposes. In the case of Fig. All the referenced archival documents are available at the public archives cited. Most cases are diagnosed between the ages of five and nine, with some diagnosed as early as age three.
ASD is now the name used for a wide range of autism-like disorders. They might engage in obsessive routines and show an unusual sensitivity to sensory stimuli. They are likely to have good grammar skills and an advanced vocabulary, but they also tend to be very literal.
They have trouble using language in a social context. There may be no obvious delay in their cognitive development. Genetics and brain abnormalities may be involved. It is part of the range of conditions included in Autism Spectrum Disorder. The pediatrician can determine if the child should be seen by a specialist, such as a developmental pediatrician, psychologist, or other clinician who is familiar with ASD. Some were starved, others given lethal injections.
Their deaths were recorded as due to factors such as pneumonia. Sheffer argues that Asperger supported the Nazi goal of eliminating children who could not fit in with the Volk : the fascist ideal of a homogeneous Aryan people. Both Czech and Sheffer include details on two unrelated children, Herta Schreiber and Elisabeth Schreiber, and their referral letters, signed by Asperger.
These provide proof that he effectively signed their death warrants. Nearly children were killed in Am Spiegelgrund. Asperger went on to enjoy a long academic career, dying in Personally, I no longer feel comfortable with naming the diagnosis after Hans Asperger.
In any case, this is a category rendered moot in the most recent edition of the DSM used in the United States. European nations will follow this diagnostic lead in , with the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases. The future use of the term, of course, is a discussion that must incorporate the views of autistic people.
They might not, therefore, want a change. For brevity and neutrality, I favour the single term autism. However, because of the considerable heterogeneity among autistic people, I think it could be helpful for them and their families — together with autism researchers, clinicians and relevant professionals — to discuss whether subtypes should be introduced.
As a result of the historical research by Sheffer and Czech, we now need to revise our views, and probably also our language. The revelations in this book are a chilling reminder that the highest priority in both clinical research and practice must be compassion. Article 10 NOV News Feature 10 NOV
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